Recopilación de estudios sobre estatura media en Europa

IS-ISLANDIA (182)

[GLOBAL]. 180.5/165.9

[IS1]. 182.2/168.1
Hinriksdóttir, G. et al. (2015). Fatness but Not Fitness Relative to the Fat-Free Mass Is Related to C-Reactive Protein in 18 Year-Old Adolescents. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0130597. Disponible en https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0130597
Muestra: 18 year-old high-school students. To ensure a diverse group of participants, three high-schools in metropolitan Reykjavik were selected that had different academic structures offering both traditional academic studies and vocational education. Approximately 67% of all high-school students in Iceland attend high schools in metropolitan Reykjavik.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 129/116
Edad: 18 (17.7-18.9)
Año de medición: 2015 (?)
Año de nacimiento: 1997 (?)

[IS2]. 181.9/167.9
Arngrímsson, S. Á. et al. (2012). Holdafar, úthald, hreyfing og efnaskiptasnið meðal 18 ára íslenskra framhaldsskólanema [Body composition, aerobic fitness, physical activity and metabolic profile among 18 year old Icelandic high-school students]. Læknablaðið 2012/98. Disponible en https://www.hirsla.lsh.is/bitstream/handle/2336/231273/L2012-05-98_F277.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Muestra: Estudiantes de instituto de la zona de Reykjavik
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 146/129
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2008-2009
Año de nacimiento: 1990-1991
Nota: Medias calculadas a partir de las medias indicadas en las tres escuelas.

[IS3]. 181.5/166.8
Sævarsson, E. S. et al. (2015). The association of cardiorespiratory fitness to health independent of adiposity depends upon its expression. Annals of Human Biology. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/10.3109/03014460.2015.1042522
Muestra: Participants in another study (Lifestyle of 9 and 15 year old Icelanders) conducted in 2003/2004 were contacted at ages 17 and 23 and asked to participate in this one. Originally, 934 children (out of 1328) participated and that sample was randomly selected based on the national and geographical distribution of the Icelandic population. Only those who both gave blood samples and underwent a maximal exercise test in 2003/2004 qualified for this study.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 53/58
Edad: 17 y 23 (media 19.9/19.6)
Año de medición: 2011-2012
Año de nacimiento: De media 1991-1992

[IS4]. 180.6/167.2
Dagbjartsson, A. et al. (2000). Height and weight of Icelandic children 6-20 years of age. Laeknabladid. 2000 Jul; 86(7): 509-14. Abstract disponible en https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19451673
Muestra: We report here the results of a nationwide cross-sectional study of growth in Icelandic children aged 6-20 years. Children were randomly selected from The National Registry according to date of birth from both urban and rural areas of the whole country of Iceland.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 3327/3173
Edad: 20
Año de medición: 1983-1987.
Año de nacimiento: 1963-1967
Nota: Datos extraídos de [ME3]

IT-ITALIA (176)

[GLOBAL]. 177.8/164.6

[TÜBINGEN]. 174.5

[IT1]. Norte 176.5/162.8, Sur 174.7/159.1
Cacciari, E. et al. (2006). Italian cross-sectional growth charts for height, weight and BMI (2 to 20 yr.) Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 29(7): 581–93. Disponible en https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11504890_Italian_cross-sectional_growth_charts_for_height_weight_and_BMI_6-20_y
Muestra: A sample of schoolchildren covering 16 of the 20 Italian regions
Criterios de exclusión: Children of immigrants were excluded from the analysis.
Tamaño de la muestra: A total of 27 421 girls and 27 374 boys
Edad: Chicos 18 años, chicas 16 años
Año de medición: 1996-2000
Año de nacimiento: 1978-1984
Nota: Las referencias dan, a los 20 años, en el norte 176.9/163.2 y en el sur 174.2/160.8

[IT2]. 174.6
Arcaleni, E. (2006). Secular trend and regional differences in the stature of Italians, 1854–1980. Economics and Human Biology 4 (2006) 24–38. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2005.06.003
Muestra: Mili
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra:
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 1998
Año de nacimiento: 1980
Nota: La región más alta es Friuli Venezia Giulia con 178.0 y la más baja Cerdeña con 171.6

[IT3]. 178.8
Foresta, C. et al. (2013). Anthropometric, penile and testis measures in post-pubertal Italian males. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 36: 287-292, 2013. Disponible en https://www.academia.edu/14120629/Anthropometric_penile_and_testis_measures_in_post-pubertal_Italian_males
Muestra: High schools of Padua and surroundings
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 2019
Edad: 18-19 (media 18.9±0.7)
Año de medición: 2005-2010
Año de nacimiento: 1986-1992
Nota: [IT2] da al Véneto 177.0

[IT4]. 175.4/161.7
Danubio, M. E. et al. (2008). Comparison of self-reported and measured height and weight: Implications for obesity research among young adults. Econ Human Biol 2008; 6: 181-90. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/10.1016/j.ehb.2007.04.002
Muestra: Students in the Faculty of Motor Sciences, University of L’Aquila, and the Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Natural Sciences, University of Rome ‘‘La Sapienza’’. The sample is almost completely composed by individuals from central-southern Italy (94.8%), including only 4 foreign students (1.0%) and 16 students (mostly males) from northern Italy (4.2%).
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 145/127
Edad: The mean age of the males is 22.0 years (minimum 19 to maximum 36) and of the females is 21.9 years (minimum 18 to maximum 35).
Año de medición: 2004-2005
Año de nacimiento: De media 1982-1983
Nota: En Roma 175.8/162.3 y en L’Aquila 175.3/160.7

[IT5]. 171.7/161.0
Sanna, E. et al. (2015). Body and head dimensions of adults in Sardinia (Italy) support different intensities of relative secular trends. Journal of Anthropological Sciences Vol. 93 (2015), pp. 157-162. Disponible en http://www.isita-org.com/jass/Contents/2015vol93/Sanna/25992638.pdf
Muestra: The cross sectional sample consists of 412 Sardinian women measured in the period 2005-2009 and 451 Sardinian men measured in 2003-2008. They were born in the metropolitan area of Cagliari, southern Sardinia, of parents that are native to the same Sardinian area and are unrelated, apparently healthy and with no physical defects or malformations.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 129/102
Edad: 20-25
Año de medición: 2003-2008/2005-2009
Año de nacimiento: 1978-1988/1980-1989
Nota: [IT2] da a Cerdeña 171.6 (nacidos en 1980).

KS-KOSOVO (179.5)

[KS1]. 179.5/165.7
Popović, S. et al. (2017). Stature and its estimation utilizing arm span measurements in Kosovan adults: National survey. Int. J. Morphol., 35(3): 1161-1167. Disponible en https://scielo.conicyt.cl/pdf/ijmorphol/v35n3/art55.pdf
Muestra: Last year high-school students from Kosovo.
Criterios de exclusión: It is important to underline that the researchers have excluded from the data analysis the individuals with physical deformities as well as those without informed consent. The exclusion criterion was also being non-Kosovan.
Tamaño de la muestra: 830/793
Edad: The average age of the male subject was 18.26±0.45 years old (range 18-20 years), while the average age of the female subject was 18.24±0.43 years old (range 18-20 years).
Año de medición: 2016
Año de nacimiento: De media 1998

[KS2]. 179.8/165.2
Salihu, H. et al. (2018). Stature and Its Estimation Utilizing Arm Span Measurements of both gender Adolescents from Ferizaj Region in Kosovo. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2018; 8(11): 32-43. Disponible en www.ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/download/6163/pdf
Muestra: Students from high schools from Ferizaj region of Kosovo.
Criterios de exclusión: The researches have excluded from the data analysis the individuals with physical deformities as well as those without informed consent. The exclusion criterion was also being non-Kosovan and non–Ferizaj region.
Tamaño de la muestra: 95/79
Edad: Average of age is 18.36±0.50 years old (range 18-20 years) and for male 18.40±0.55 years old (range 18-20 years).
Año de medición: 2018 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 2000 (?)

[KS3]. 180.3/165.4
Arifi, F. et al. (2017). Stature and its estimation utilizing arm span measurements of both gender adolescents from Northern Region in Kosovo. Acta Kinesiologica 11 (2017) Suppl 1: 49-52. Disponible en http://www.actakin.com/PDFS/BR11S1/SVEE/04%20CL%2008%20FA.pdf
Muestra: Students from high schools from Northern region of Kosovo.
Criterios de exclusión: The Criteria for the selection was that the researches have excluded from the data analysis the individuals with physical deformities as well as those without informed consent. The exclusion criterion was also being non-Kosovan and non–Northern region.
Tamaño de la muestra: 87 are male and 90 females
Edad: Average of age is 18.21±0.41 years old (range 18-20 years) and for male 18.26±0.46 years old (range 18-20 years).
Año de medición: 2017 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 1999 (?)

[KS4]. 177.7/164.1
Arifi, F. (2017). Stature and its estimation utilizing arm span measurements of both gender adolescents from Southeast Region in Kosovo. Sport Science, 10(1). Disponible en https://www.sposci.com/PDFS/BR1001/SVEE/04%20CL%2016%20FA.pdf
Muestra: Students from high schools from Southeast region of Kosovo.
Criterios de exclusión: The researches have excluded from the data analysis the individuals with physical deformities as well as those without informed consent. The exclusion criterion was also being non-Kosovar and non–Southeast region.
Tamaño de la muestra: 90 are male and 100 females
Edad: Average of age is 18.17±0.37 years old (range 18-20 years) and for male 18.25±0.43 years old (range 18-20 years).
Año de medición: 2017 (?)
Año de nacimiento: 1999 (?)

[KS5]. 180.3/166.8
Masanovic, B. et al. (2017). Relationship between Foot Length Measurements and Body Height: A Prospective Regional Study among Adolescents in Central Region of Kosovo. SSRN. Disponible en https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3077530
Muestra: Last year high-school students from Central Region of Kosovo
Criterios de exclusión: It is important to underline that the researchers have excluded from the data analysis of the individuals with physical deformities as well as those without informed consent. The exclusion criterion was also being non-Central Kosovan.
Tamaño de la muestra: 100/93
Edad: The average age of the male subject was 18.26±0.44 years old (range 18-19 years), while the average age of the female subject was 18.15±0.36 years old (range 18-19 years).
Año de medición: 2017 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 1999

[KS6]. 179.7/166.3
Masanovic, B. (2018). Standing Height and its Estimation Utilizing Foot Length Measurements in Adolescents from Western Region in Kosovo. SSRN. Disponible en https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3138518
Muestra: Last year high-school students from Western Region of Kosovo
Criterios de exclusión: It is important to underline that the researchers have excluded from the data analysis of the individuals with physical deformities as well as those without informed consent. The exclusion criterion was also being non-Western Kosovan.
Tamaño de la muestra: 336/326
Edad: The average age of the male subject was 18.24±0.43 years old (range 18-20 years), while the average age of the female subject was 18.25±0.45 years old (range 18-20 years).
Año de medición: 2018 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 2000 (?)

[KS7]. 178.6/165.3
Masanovic, B. et al. (2018). Sitting Height/Standing Height in Southern-Kosovan Adolescents. SSRN. Disponible en https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3138523
Muestra: Last year high-school students from Southern Region of Kosovo
Criterios de exclusión: It is important to underline that the researchers have excluded from the data analysis of the individuals with physical deformities as well as those without informed consent. The exclusion criterion was also being non-Southern Kosovan.
Tamaño de la muestra: 120/105
Edad: The average age of the male subject was 18.40±0.56 years old (range 18-20 years), while the average age of the female subject was 18.36±0.50 years old (range 18-20 years).
Año de medición: 2018 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 2000 (?)

LT-LITUANIA (180)

[GLOBAL]. 179.0/166.7

[LT1]. 180.9/167.5
Hermanussen, M. et al. (2010). Statistical agreement and cost–benefit: Comparison of methods for constructing growth reference charts. Annals of Human Biology, January–February 2010; 37(1): 57–69. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/10.3109/03014460903173379
Muestra: In the years 2000–2002, six paediatricians/anthropologists (P/A) and six nurses/technicians (N/T) obtained empirical data from 31 429 healthy children and adolescents and constructed new Lithuanian growth reference charts. The Lithuanian references were developed from a large cross-sectional empirical study considered optimal in design, in size and sampling and in statistical evaluation, and constructed according to established, modern techniques
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 31 429 (0-18)
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2000-2002
Año de nacimiento: 1982-1984

[LT2]. 181.3/167.5
Tutkuviene, J. (2005). Sex and gender differences in secular trend of body size and frame indices of Lithuanians. Anthropologischer anzeiger 63(1): 29–44. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/10.2307/29542614
Muestra: Lithuania (different parts)
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 195/278
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2001
Año de nacimiento: 1983

[LT3]. 177.2
Dregval, L. et al. (2006). Anthropometrical data and physical fitness of Lithuanian soldiers according to the sociodemographic characteristics. Medicina (Kaunas) 2006; 42(1). Disponible en http://medicina.lsmuni.lt/med/0601/0601-08e.pdf
Muestra: Conscripts at the one of motoinfantry battalion located in the central part of Lithuania
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 197
Edad: 19-25. The mean age of them was 20.8±1.3 (where 1.3 is the standard deviation). The majority of obligatory military service conscripts (81.8%) were 19–21 years old.
Año de medición: 2005 (?)
Año de nacimiento: 1984 de media (?)
Nota: Fueron medidos al inicio y al final del servicio militar (1 año), dando 176.4 cm y 177.2 cm. Pueden verse las diferencias por lugar de residencia y nivel educativo. Ciudades vs. rural: 178.4 y 176.2. Universitarios de ciudades 182.5.

LU-LUXEMBURGO (177.5)

[GLOBAL]. 177.9/164.4

[LU1]. 177.8/165.1
Alkerwi, A. et al. (2010). First nationwide survey on cardiovascular risk factors in Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg (ORISCAV-LUX). BMC Public Health 2010, 10: 468. Disponible en https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-10-468
Ala’a Alkerwi (comunicación personal)
Muestra: A representative random sample was drawn from the national health insurance registry, stratified by gender (male and female), age (5-year categories) and districts of residence (Luxembourg, Diekirch and Grevenmacher). With a 98% social coverage rate, the registry is considered as the most complete list of inhabitants available in Luxembourg.
Criterios de exclusión: Pregnant women, people living in institutions, subjects outside the age range 18-69 years and those deceased before recruitment were excluded.
Tamaño de la muestra: 106/115
Edad: 18-29
Año de medición: 2007-2009
Año de nacimiento: 1978-1991

[LU2]. 176.6/164.4
Bocquet, V. et al. (2018). Study design and characteristics of the Luxembourg European Health Examination Survey (EHES-LUX). BMC Public Health (2018) 18: 1169. Disponible en https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-018-6087-0
Valéry Bocquet (comunicación personal)
Muestra: In order to obtain a representative sample of the population, a random sample of residents of Luxembourg was defined stratified by age (25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64 years old), gender (male and female) and district of residence (Luxembourg, Diekirch and Grevenmacher). The representative random sample was drawn from the national health insurance registry by the General Inspectorate of Social Security (IGSS).
Criterios de exclusión: Four inclusion criteria were applied in this study: 1) be included in the national health insurance registry, 2) be resident in Luxembourg, 3) be 25–64 years old, and 4) sign an informed consent form. People living in institutions (e.g. hospital, nursing home, prison) were not included in this study.
Tamaño de la muestra: 137/177
Edad: 25-34
Año de medición: 2013-2015
Año de nacimiento: 1979-1990
Nota: El grupo de 35-44 años (n. 1969-1980) tiene media 176.9/164.5 (n=222/239).

LV-LETONIA (181)

[GLOBAL]. 181.4/169.8

[LV1]. 180.5/167.8
Krams, I. A. et al. (2014). Body height affects the strength of immune response in young men, but not young women. Sci. Rep. 4, 6223. Disponible en https://www.nature.com/articles/srep06223.pdf
Muestra: Participants were students from Daugavpils University. All participants were born in families of low to average income: workers at state plants and collective farms during the last decade under the Soviet Union, and less than 100 EUR/month income per family member after regaining independence.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 130/65
Edad: Men (mean age, 21.85; s.d., 2.49, range 19–30 years), women (mean age, 20.26, s.d. 1.29, range 18–24 years)
Año de medición: 2014 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 1992-1994 (?)

[LV2]. 180.1
Céderštréma et al. (2006)
Muestra: Riga
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 102
Edad: 18-19
Año de medición: 2005-2006
Año de nacimiento: 1986-1988
Nota: Los datos proceden de [EURO]

[LV3]. 177.6/167.1
Gerhards, G. (2005). Secular variations in the body stature of the inhabitants of Latvia (7th millennium BC–20th c. AD). Acta medica Lituanica 12(1): 33–9. Disponible en http://elibrary.lt/resursai/LMA/Acta%20medica%20Lituanica/ActM_033_039.pdf
Muestra:
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra:
Edad: 18-25
Año de medición: 1996-1998
Año de nacimiento: 1971-1980
Nota: Datos extraídos de [CZ2] y [ME3]

MD-MOLDAVIA (175.5)

[GLOBAL]. 175.5/163.2

[TÜBINGEN]. 174.2

[MD1]. 175.6/161.7
Bahnarel, I. et al. (2013). Particularităţile dezvoltării fizice la elevii din raioanele Rîşcani şi Cahul, Republica Moldova. Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei, Ştiinţe Medicale 5(41): 19-23. Disponible en https://ibn.idsi.md/ro/vizualizare_articol/30199
Muestra: Vârsta elevilor incluşi în studiu a fost între 7-19 ani, din două regiuni ale republicii şi anume: nord – Rîşcani şi sud – Cahul. În total în studiu au fost incluşi 816 elevi din liceele şi şcolile gimnaziale din două raioane ale Republicii Moldova, din mediul rural.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 45/50
Edad: 17-19 (medias 17.9/17.7)
Año de medición: 2013 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 1995 (?)
Nota: Las medias y tamaño muestral indicados corresponden a la agrupación de los sujetos de 17, 18 y 19 años de edad de los dos distritos. En caso de utilizar solo los datos de 18 y 19 años (medias de edad 18.4/18.2) resulta 175.7/162.3 (n=31/28).

[MD2]. 174.2/162
Lîsenco, V. et al. (2015). Dezvoltarea fizică a elevilor din raionul Cahul. Sănătate Publică, Economie şi Management în Medicină 60 (3): 72-74. Disponible en https://ibn.idsi.md/sites/default/files/imag_file/72_74_Dezvoltarea%20fizica%20a%20elevilor%20din%20raionul%20Cahul.pdf
Muestra: Studiul a fost realizat pe un lot de 483 de elevi cu vârsta cuprinsă între 7 și 19 ani, din raionul Cahul, mediul rural, Republica Moldova.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 237/246
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2015 (?)
Año de nacimiento: 1997 (?)

ME-MONTENEGRO (183)

[GLOBAL]. 178.3/164.9

[ME1]. 182.9/168.8
Popović, S. (2017). Local Geographical Differences in Adult Body Height in Montenegro. Montenegrin Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 6: 81-87. Disponible en http://www.mjssm.me/clanci/MJSSM_March_2017_Popovic.pdf
Popović, S. (2018). Arm-span measurement as an alternative estimation of true height in Montenegrin young adults of both sexes: A national survey. Anthropological Notebooks 24 (1): 53–67. Disponible en https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Stevo_Popovic/publication/328600855_Arm-span_measurement_as_an_alternative_estimation_of_true_height_in_Montenegrin_young_adults_of_both_sexes_A_national_survey/links/5bd7ef9692851c6b2798e758/Arm-span-measurement-as-an-alternative-estimation-of-true-height-in-Montenegrin-young-adults-of-both-sexes-A-national-survey.pdf
Muestra: Final year students from the secondary schools in Montenegro.
Criterios de exclusión: The exclusion criteria in this study were having physical deformities that could affect body heights and not having informed consent. The author also could not accept students who were non-Montenegrins.
Tamaño de la muestra: 981/1107
Edad: The average male Montenegrins were between 17 and 20 years old (18.37±0.61), while the average female Montenegrins were between 17 and 20 years old (18.30±0.61).
Año de medición: 2016 (?)
Año de nacimiento: 1996-1999 (?)
Nota: Sin ajustar por tamaño de municipios sale 183.4/169.4. Se puede ver el desglose por municipios.

[ME2]. 183.7/169.5
Popović, S. et al. (2014). Average body height of adolescents in Montenegro. Proceedings book of the 13th International Sport Sciences Congress (462-463). Konya: Selcuk University. Abstract disponible en https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318723480_Average_body_height_of_adolescents_in_Montenegro
Muestra:
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 703 men and 824 women.
Edad: Men 18.57±0.54 and women 18.47±0.57.
Año de medición: 2014 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 1995-1996 (?)

[ME3]. 183.2/168.3
Bjelica, D. et al. (2012). Body height and its estimation utilising arm span measurements in Montenegrin adults. Anthropological Notebooks 18 (2): 69–83. Disponible en http://www.drustvo-antropologov.si/AN/PDF/2012_2/Anthropological_Notebooks_XVIII_2_Bjelica.pdf
Muestra: Estudiantes de la Universidad de Montenegro (Nikšić).
Criterios de exclusión: Estudiantes con deformidades físicas que pudieran afectar a su altura o envergadura y extranjeros. No obstante, se representan a todos los grupos étnicos de Montenegro.
Tamaño de la muestra: 178 men and 107 women
Edad: The average age of the male subject was 20.97±2.44 years old (range 18–36 yrs), while the average age of the female subject was 20.89±2.63 years old (range 18–37 yrs).
Año de medición: 2012
Año de nacimiento: De media 1991

[ME4]. 182.9/169.5
Bubanja, M. (2018). Body Height and Its Estimation Utilizing Arm Span Measurements in Adolescents From Northern Region in Montenegro. J. Anthr. Sport Phys. Educ. 2 (2018) 3: 67–71. Disponible en http://www.jaspe.ac.me/clanci/JASPE_July_2018_Bubanja_67-71.pdf
Muestra: Adolescents from the northern region of Montenegro.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 164 males and 181 females
Edad: Obim ove studije kvalifi kuje 345 adoloscenata (164 muškaraca, 181 djevojaka) završne godine srednje škole iz sjeverne regije u Crnoj Gori. Ova grupa je izabrana zato što rast pojedinca prestaje u ovom uzrastu i nema gubitka tjelesne težine. Prosječna starost ispitanika bila je 17.96 ± 0.44 godine (raspon od 17 do 19 godina).
Año de medición: 2018 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 2000 (?)

[ME5]. 182.7/169.5
Bubanja, M. (2018). Body Height and Its Assessment Arm Span of Adolescents From the Berane and Pljevlja. SSRN Electronic Journal. Disponible en https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3255532
Muestra: Adolescentes de Berane y Pljevlja
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 130 males and 145 females
Edad: Uzorak ispitanika u ovom istraživanju predstavlja 275 adoloscenata (130 muškaraca, 145 djevojaka) iz crnogorskih opština Berana i Pljevalja koji pohađaju završnu godinu srednje škole. Ova grupa je izabrana zato što rast pojedinca prestaje u ovom uzrastu i nema gubitka tjelesne težine. Prosječna starost ispitanika bila je 17.96 ± 0.44 godine (raspon od 17 do 19 godina).
Año de medición: 2018 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 2000 (?)

MK-MACEDONIA DEL NORTE (178)

[GLOBAL]. 178.3/159.8

[MK1]. 177.4/164.5
Gontarev, S. et al. (2014). First normative reference of standing long jump indicates gender difference in lower muscular strength of Macedonian school children. Health 6: 99-106. Disponible en https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271286467_First_normative_reference_of_standing_long_jump_indicates_gender_difference_in_lower_muscular_strength_of_Macedonian_school_children
Muestra: The population of students from the primary and secondary schools of R. Macedonia. The sample is proportionally defined on state allocation of students in urban and rural environments.
Criterios de exclusión: The study included students for whom their parents had given consent to take part in the research, who were psychically and physically healthy and who regularly at-tended the classes of physical and health education.
Tamaño de la muestra: 12618, out of which 6780 male and 5838 female (total, 6-18 años). De 18-18.9 años son 596 chicos y 552 chicas.
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2012
Año de nacimiento: 1994
Nota: Datos de alturas citados en [EURO] y [HR2]

[MK2]. 178.1/164.6
Popović, S. et al. (2016). Body Height and its Estimation Utilizing Arm Span Measurements in Macedonian Adults. Anthropologist, 24(3): 737-745. Disponible en https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318723845_Body_Height_and_its_Estimation_Utilizing_Arm_Span_Measurements_in_Macedonian_Adults
Muestra: The nature and scope of this study qualifies 239 students (114 men and 125 women) from the Ss. Cyril and Methodius University to be subjects.
Criterios de exclusión: It is also important to emphasize that the researchers could not accept students with physical deformities that could affect body height or arm span, and without informed consent were excluded from the study. The exclusion criterion was also being non-Macedonian.
Tamaño de la muestra: 114/125
Edad: The average age of the male subject was 19.25±1.23 years old (range 18-24 years), while the average age of the female subject was 20.19±2.56 years old (range 18-28 years).
Año de medición: 2015 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 1995-1996 (?)

NL-HOLANDA (183)

[GLOBAL]. 182.5/168.7

[TÜBINGEN]. 182.7

[NL1]. 183.8/170.7
Schönbeck, Y. et al. (2013). The world’s tallest nation has stopped growing taller: the height of Dutch children from 1955 to 2009. Pediatr. Res. 73, 371–377. Disponible en http://refhub.elsevier.com/S1570-677X(14)00066-5/sbref1190
Curvas disponibles en http://www.tno.nl/content.cfm?context=thema&content=prop_case&laag1=891&laag2=902&laag3=70&item_id=1141&Taal=2
Muestra: The Fifth Dutch Growth Study was a cross-sectional study that collected data for a representative sample of children aged 0–21 y in The Netherlands between May 2008 and October 2009. We used the multivariate imputation by chained equation method to correct for educational levels or geographical regions that were underrepresented.
Criterios de exclusión: Children with diagnosed growth disorders and those on growth-interfering medication were excluded (2.4% of the total population). Children with one or two parents born outside The Netherlands were excluded from the analyses presented in this article. We estimated an adjusted final height that includes other ethnic groups. The adjusted mean final height would be 183.8 − 0.4 = 183.4 cm in boys and 170.7 − 0.3 = 170.4 cm in girls.
Tamaño de la muestra: The analysis sample included 5,811 boys and 6,194 girls. Entre 19 y 22 años son 377 y 373.
Edad: 21
Año de medición: 2008-2009
Año de nacimiento: 1987-1988
Nota: El estudio anterior de 1997 (n. 1976) dio 184.0/170.6

[NL2]. X/169.5
Larsen, J. K. et al. (2008). Validity of self-reported weight and height and predictors of weight bias in female college students. Appetite 50 (2008) 386–389. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2007.09.002
Muestra: Female students recruited at the Radboud University Nijmegen
Criterios de exclusión: Two participants from whom self-reported weight was missing and four participants with outlying values (z>3.2) on differences between self-reported and measured values (+8 kg, -19 kg, +21 cm, and -13 cm) were excluded from the analyses.
Tamaño de la muestra: 203
Edad: Media 20.9
Año de medición: 2007 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 1986 (?)

[NL3]. 182.3/169.3
Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu (2011). Nederland de Maat Genomen, 2009-2010. Monitoring van risicofactoren in de algemene bevolking. RIVM Rapport 260152001/2011. Disponible en https://www.rivm.nl/bibliotheek/rapporten/260152001.pdf
Monique Verschuren (comunicación personal)
Muestra: In zeven Nederlandse gemeenten is een aselecte steekproef van mannen en vrouwen uitgenodigd.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 289/358
Edad: 30-39
Año de medición: 2009-2010
Año de nacimiento: 1970-1980
Nota: El grupo de 40-49 años de edad (n. 1960-1970) tiene medias 183.2/169.0 (n=412/517).

NO-NORUEGA (180.5)

[GLOBAL]. 179.7/165.6

[TÜBINGEN]. 179.7

[NO1]. 179.5
Statistisk sentralbyrå (2010). Statistisk årbok 2010. Tablas 108 y 109. Disponible en https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/aarbok/2010.pdf
Statistisk sentralbyrå (2013). Statistisk årbok 2013, Tabell 108: Egenrapportert høyde og vekt for sesjonspliktige. Disponible en https://www.ssb.no/a/aarbok/tab/tab-108.html
Muestra: Mili
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 26 656
Edad: 17
Año de medición: 2010
Año de nacimiento: 1994
Nota: La media de las once milis entre 2000 y 2010 es 179.8. En la tabla 109 pueden verse las medias por condados en 2010, que oscilan del 180.8 de Vest-Agder, Aust-Agder y Sogn og Fjordane al 176.8 de Finnmark Finnmárku. A partir de 2011 los datos son declarados en lugar de medidos.

[NO2]. 181/167
Júlíusson, P. B. et al. (2009). Growth charts for Norwegian children. Tidsskr Nor Legeforen 2009; 129: 281–6. Disponible en https://tidsskriftet.no/sites/default/files/pdf2009--281-6eng-rettet.pdf. Gráficas disponibles en http://www.vekststudien.no/download-the-growth-charts/
Muestra: In 2003-2006, 8299 children aged 0-19 years were measured at randomly selected health centers, kindergartens and schools in the Bergen municipality.
Criterios de exclusión: The data for growth curves of 936 children in whom one or both parents were from countries outside the Nordic region, and 85 children with chronic illness or prematurity were excluded.
Tamaño de la muestra: Measurements from a total of 7278 children were therefore used in the work of these curves, including data from 3756 boys and 3535 girls.
Edad: 19
Año de medición: 2003-2006
Año de nacimiento: 1984-1987
Nota: [NO1] da 180.1 a Bergen (condado de Hordaland).

[NO3]. 180.1/167.3
Bjørnelv, S. et al. (2007). Changes in BMI-distribution from 1966–69 to 1995–97 in adolescents. The Young-HUNT study, Norway. BMC Public Health 2007, 7:279. Disponible en https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2082034/pdf/1471-2458-7-279.pdf
Muestra: All students in Junior High Schools (13–16 years) and High Schools (16–19 years) in the county of Nord-Trondelag were invited to the Young-HUNT study. The response rate was 90%.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 3307/3367, 18 499/542
Edad: 18 (18.00-18.99)
Año de medición: 1995-1997
Año de nacimiento: 1977-1979
Nota: [NO1] da 179.0 a Nord-Trondelag.

PL-POLONIA (178.5)

[GLOBAL]. 177.3/164.6

[TÜBINGEN]. 177.4

[PL1]. 178.3
Kołodziej, H. et al. (2015). Secular Trends in Body Height and Body Mass in 19-Year-Old Polish Men Based on Six National Surveys from 1965 to 2010. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 27: 704–709, 2015. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/10.1002/ajhb.22694
Muestra: Conscripts. All recruiting boards were asked to provide information on the first, and subsequently every tenth subject reporting for examination. This sampling method yielded a 10% systematically selected national sample, because reporting for registration and examination at the exact specified date was compulsory for all 19-year-old males.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 22 004
Edad: 19
Año de medición: 2010
Año de nacimiento: 1991

[PL2]. 178.7/165.1
Kułaga, Z. et al. (2011). Polish 2010 growth references for school-aged children and adolescents. European Journal of Pediatrics 170(5): 599–609. Disponible en https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3078309/pdf/431_2010_Article_1329.pdf
Muestra: Population-representative sample of school-aged children and adolescents in Poland.
Criterios de exclusión: Known disorders affecting growth.
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 17,573, de 18 años son 846 y 1126. Data from 8,270 boys and 9,010 girls aged 6–19 years were used for constructing height references.
Edad: 18 (percentil 50 de curvas LMS)
Año de medición: 2007-2009
Año de nacimiento: 1989-1991

[PL3]. 178.4/165.5
Palczewska, I. et al. (2001). Wskaźniki rozwoju somatycznego dzieci i młodzieży warszawskiej [Somatic development indices in children and youth of Warsaw]. Med Wieku Rozwoj. 2001 Apr-Jun; 5(2 Suppl 1): 18-118. Abstract disponible en https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11675534
Muestra: Warsaw children and youth. Children aged 4-18 years were drawn by a two-step procedure: in the first step, nursery schools and primary and secondary schools were drawn and in the second step classes were drawn.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 3152/3214, de 18 años 100/100
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 1996-1999
Año de nacimiento: 1978-1981
Nota: Medias citadas en [PL6].

[PL4]. 178.7
Kryst, Ł. et al. (2012). Secular changes in height, body weight, body mass index and pubertal development in male children and adolescents in Krakow, Poland. J. Biosoc. Sci., (2012) 44, 495–507. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/10.1017/S0021932011000721
Muestra: The schools and kindergartens in the area of Krakow, where the measurements were taken, were selected at random
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 83, total 1862
Edad: 18.5 (18.00-18.99)
Año de medición: 2007-2010
Año de nacimiento: 1988-1992

[PL5]. 178.5/166
Krawczynski, M. et al. (2003). Secular changes in body height and weight in children and adolescents in Poznan, Poland, between 1880 and 2000. Acta Pædiatr 2003; 92: 277–282. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2003.tb00546.x
Muestra: Poznan
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: De 18 años 1135/1200
Edad: 18 (17.51-18.50)
Año de medición: 2000
Año de nacimiento: 1982
Nota: Medias estimadas en gráficas.

[PL6]. 180.6/165.7
Wronka, I. et al. (2009). Childhood environment and adult height among Polish university students. Collegium Antropologicum 2009; 33: 1039-1045. Disponible en http://hrcak.srce.hr/51448?lang=en
Muestra: Students of universities in Krakow and Opole (southern Poland)
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 535/783
Edad: 19-24
Año de medición:
Año de nacimiento: 1982-1984

[PL7]. 179.0/165.1
Krzyzanowska, M. et al. (2002). Measured versus self-reported body height. International Journal of Anthropology 17 (2): 113-120, 2002. Disponible en https://www.academia.edu/21146629/Krzyzanowska_Umlawska_Measured_versus_self_reported_body_height
Muestra: Students of the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the University of Wroclaw
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 105/298
Edad: Media 21.64/21.04, rango 20-28/19-26
Año de medición: 2000
Año de nacimiento: De media 1978-1979

PT-PORTUGAL (174.5)

[GLOBAL]. 172.9/163.0

[TÜBINGEN]. 172.1

[PT1]. 173.9/X
Sardinha, L. B. et al. (2010). Prevalence of overweight and obesity among Portuguese youth: a study in a representative sample of 10-18-year-old children and adolescents. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity. 6 (2): e124–8. Disponible en https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232075066_Prevalence_of_overweight_and_obesity_among_Portuguese_youth_A_study_in_a_representative_sample_of_10-18-year-old_children_and_adolescents
Muestra: Data for the present study were derived from a crosssectional school-based study. All mainland Portuguese administrative regions (Alentejo, Algarve, Centro, Lisboa and Norte) were surveyed. The regions of Madeira and Açores (Portuguese Archipelagos) were not included in this study. The population was selected by means of proportionate stratified random sampling. Schools were randomly selected within each region until the established number of subjects by region was attained. Finally, the sample was adjusted by a weight factor in order to balance the sample in accordance to the distribution of the Portuguese population in the schools.
Criterios de exclusión: Having a health condition that did not allow participation in physical education classes
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 10685/11363, de 18 años 1010/1177
Edad: 18 (17.50-18.49)
Año de medición: 2008
Año de nacimiento: 1990
Nota: La altura media procede de una comunicación personal citada en [EURO]

[PT2]. 172.1
Padez, C. (2003). Secular trend in stature in the Portuguese population (1904–2000). Annals of Human Biology 30 (3): 262–278. Disponible en https://www.academia.edu/12919376/Secular_trend_in_stature_in_the_Portuguese_population_1904_2000_
Muestra: Conscripts
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 42 584
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2000
Año de nacimiento: 1982

[PT3]. 175.7/166.7
A. R. Cardoso (2016). Referências antropométricas para a população adulta e idosa Portuguesa. Dissertação de candidatura ao grau de Mestre em Nutrição Clínica apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto. Disponible en https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/bitstream/10216/84639/2/138884.pdf
Poínhos, R. et al. (2009). Alimentação e Estilos de Vida da População Portuguesa: metodologia e resultados preliminares. Alimentação Humana 15 (3): 43-60. Disponible en https://www.alimentacaosaudavel.dgs.pt/activeapp/wp-content/files_mf/1445339604alimenta%C3%A7%C3%A3oeestilosdevidadapopula%C3%A7%C3%A3oportuguesa.pdf
Muestra: Este trabalho integra informação proveniente do estudo Alimentação e Estilos de Vida da População Portuguesa, tratando-se de um estudo epidemiológico observacional de desenho transversal. A população é constituída pelos indivíduos adultos, com idade maior ou igual a 18 anos, residentes em Portugal abrangendo todas as regiões (Continente, Madeira e Açores). O procedimento amostral foi realizado por quotas de sexo e classe etária e os resultados foram ponderados por região de residência de acordo com o Censos 2001, de forma a garantir a representatividade da amostra.
Criterios de exclusión: Toda e qualquer condição que impeça o consentimento livre e informado e/ou à participação do indivíduo no estudo. Foram também excluídas as mulheres grávidas ou lactantes, assim como os indivíduos com perturbações de crescimento ou deficiência física.
Tamaño de la muestra: 897 (hombres y mujeres 18-29)
Edad: 18-29
Año de medición: 2009
Año de nacimiento: 1980-1991
Nota: Las medias indicadas son la media (sin ponderar) de las medias de los grupos de edad 18-19, 20-24 y 25-29 indicadas en la tabla 4.

[PT4]. 174.0/160.7
Barroso, M. P. et al. (2005). Anthropometric study of Portuguese workers. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 35 (2005) 401–410. Disponible en http://sci-hub.tw/10.1016/j.ergon.2004.10.005
Muestra: The sample comprised essentially individuals from industry, as well as some workers from the tertiary sector. A total of ten small- and medium-size companies were contacted for data collection. The range included companies from the textile, electronics, and chemical sectors, among other, mainly located in the north of the country.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 492/399 (17-65); 20-29 147/95
Edad: 20-29
Año de medición: 2004 (?)
Año de nacimiento: 1975-1984
Nota: Las medias de <20 años son 173.6/161.1 (n=50/32). Todas las medias se han estimado a partir de la representación gráfica de estos valores en la figura 2 usando software de edición de imágenes.

[PT5]. 173.9/160.1
Santos, R. et al. (2011). Reference curves for BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio for Azorean adolescents (Portugal). Public Health Nutrition: 15(1), 13–19. Disponible en https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/34929167762221C7A846E4E0D1F0BAB6/S1368980011002230a.pdf/reference_curves_for_bmi_waist_circumference_and_waisttoheight_ratio_for_azorean_adolescents_portugal.pdf
Muestra: Data for the present study were derived from a schoolbased study, the Azorean Physical Activity and Health Study II (APAHS II). The study was carried out in six of the nine Azorean Islands, where 95% of the population lives: São Miguel, Terceira, Faial, Pico, São Jorge and Graciosa. The sample was selected by means of a proportionate stratified random sampling, taking into account the location (island) and the number of students, by age and sex, in each school. Schools were randomly selected within each island until the established number of students by island was attained.
Criterios de exclusión: Students having a health condition that did not allow for participation in physical education classes, and/or having missing information on the variables of interest were excluded.
Tamaño de la muestra: 63/81
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2008
Año de nacimiento: 1990
Nota: Medias a los 17 años 172.5/161.1 (n=160/258); a los 16 años 173.1/159.9 (n=185/264). Las curvas LMS dan 175/160 como percentil 50 a los 18 años.

[PT6]. 172/166
Chaves, R. et al. (2015). Height, weight, body composition, and waistcircumference references for 7- to 17-year-oldchildren from rural Portugal. HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchb.2014.03.007
Muestra: In 2008, 2010 and 2012 repeated cross sectional samples of children and adolescents of both sexes,aged 7–17 years, who participated in “Active Vouzela”, were recruited into this study. “Active Vouzela”investigated the growth, development and health of children and adolescents from all Vouzela’sschools and their families. Vouzela is a small region (193.7 km2) in central Portugal. Agriculture is the predominant income source for most families.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 86/115
Edad: 17 (17.00-17.99)
Año de medición: 2008-2012
Año de nacimiento: 1991-1995

[PT7]. 174.1/161.8
Gaio, V. et al. (2017). Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Portugal: Results from the First Portuguese Health Examination Survey (INSEF 2015). Obes Res Clin Pract. Disponible en sci-hub.tw/10.1016/j.orcp.2017.08.002
Nunes, B. et al. (AÑO). The first Portuguese National Health Examination Survey (2015): design, planning and implementation. Journal of Public Health. fdy150. Disponible en https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdy150
Muestra: INSEF was a cross-sectional population-based study designed to be representative at regional and national levels. INSEF target population included non-institutionalised individuals aged between 25 and 74 years, living in mainland Portugal or in the Autonomous Regions for more than 12 months, who were able to follow an interview in Portuguese.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 330/382
Edad: 25-34
Año de medición: 2015
Año de nacimiento: 1981-1990

[PT8]. 176.4/161.3
Lopes, C. et al. (2017). Inquérito Alimentar Nacional e de Atividade Física, IAN-AF 2015-2016. Relatório de resultados. Universidade do Porto. Disponible en https://ian-af.up.pt/sites/default/files/IAN-AF%20Relatório%20Resultados_3.pdf
Muestra: A população-alvo do IAN-AF foi a população residente em Portugal, não institucionalizada, com idades compreendidas entre os 3 meses e os 84 anos, selecionada aleatoriamente por um processo de amostragem por etapas, a partir do Registo Nacional de Utentes do Serviço Nacional de Saúde.
Criterios de exclusión: Foram excluídos da participação no IAN-AF 2015-2016 os seguintes indivíduos: i) a viver em residências coletivas/institucionalizados (por exemplo, idosos em casas de repouso ou indivíduos que se encontravam em prisões ou quartéis militares); ii) a viver em Portugal há menos de 1 ano (não aplicável a crianças); iii) cuja língua não fosse o Português; iv) com capacidades físicas ou cognitivas diminuídas que impedissem a participação (como por exemplo, os invisuais, os surdos ou com demências diagnosticadas); v) já falecidos. Dos 6553 indivíduos que vieram à primeira entrevista, 6235 têm comprimento/estatura e peso medidos. Foram excluídos da análise as grávidas da população geral (n=59), um indivíduo com nanismo e oito em condições críticas, nomeadamente apresentando edema e sondas.
Tamaño de la muestra: 6235 (total)
Edad: 20-29
Año de medición: 2015-2016
Año de nacimiento: 1986-1996
Nota: Los datos indicados se han calculado a partir de los datos indicados en la tabla A4.1, ponderando las medias de los grupos de edad 20-24 y 25-29 según la distribución de la población de Portugal.

RO-RUMANÍA (177)

[GLOBAL]. 174.7/162.7

[RO1]. 177.1/164.1
Pascanu, I. et al. (2016). Development of Synthetic Growth Charts for Romanian Population. Acta Endocrinologica (Buc), vol. XII, no. 3, p. 309-318. Disponible en https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309145609_Development_of_Synthetic_Growth_Charts_for_Romanian_Population
Muestra: Usan los datos de seis estudios locales (Timisoara, Targu Mures, dos de Bucarest, Petrosani e Iasi), que obtuvieron los datos de mediciones en colegios e institutos.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: Total (3-18) 8407
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2011-2016
Año de nacimiento: 1993-1998

[RO2]. 178.3/165.3
Chirita Emandi, A. et al. (2012). Growth references for school aged children in Western Romania. Acta Endocrinologica (Buc), vol. VIII, no. 1, p. 133-152. Disponible en http://scholar.google.es/scholar_url?url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Adela_Chirita-Emandi/publication/267507556_Growth_References_for_School_Aged_Children_in_Western_Romania/data/5450fa730cf24e8f7376af4d/Growth-References-for-School-Aged-Children-in-Western-Romania.pdf&hl=es&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm0wVmYqveED6rpUCHbpjxbvnGS8Og&nossl=1&oi=scholarr
Muestra: Schoolchildren from Timis county. The study population consisted of: 2727 children in Timisoara and 1004 children in rural surroundings.
Criterios de exclusión: Genetic síndromes or other chronic disease influencing height, including children treated with growth hormone or diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency
Tamaño de la muestra: A total of 3731 children, aged 7-19 years were examined
Edad: 19
Año de medición: 2010-2011
Año de nacimiento: 1991-1992 (19 años)
Nota: Debido al pequeño tamaño de la muestra para las edades superiores y las oscilaciones presentes entre sus medias, la media indicada al principio es la media ponderada por tamaño muestral de las edades de 17, 18 y 19 años (n=145/386). Las curvas LMS dan 180.1/166.2 a los 19 años.

[RO3]. 177.5/165.8
Rada, C. (2016). Body mass index and eating habits in young adults from Romania. International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences, 2016, 5, 5:42-50. Disponible en https://www.ijmrhs.com/medical-research/body-mass-index-and-eating-habits-in-young-adults-from-romania.pdf
Muestra: Young people randomly selected from urban environment covering the main universitary centers and Romanian, historical and geographical towns: Timișoara, Zalău, Baia Mare, Cluj, Târgu Mureș, Braşov, Sibiu, Piteşti, Craiova, Iaşi, Constanţa, Tulcea and Bucharest.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 533/826
Edad: 18-30
Año de medición: 2013-2014
Año de nacimiento: 1983-1996
Nota: El estudio no indica explícitamente la altura media de hombres y mujeres, pero se ha podido deducir a partir de los datos indicados de altura media global, número de hombres y mujeres y diferencia de altura de media entre hombres y mujeres.

[RO4]. 176.0
[EURO]
Muestra: An unweighted mean of 3 local studies: Romanian Moldova, northeast (175.7 cm; Vasilov, 2001); the city of Bucharest, southeast (175.7 cm; Radu et al., 2006–2007); Timis¸ county, west (176.7 cm; M. Tarcea–pers. communication).
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: >1259
Edad: 18-20
Año de medición: 1999-2006
Año de nacimiento: 1979-1988

[RO5]. 179/164
Oprişescu, I. et al. (2013). Secular Trend of Growth in Height, Weight and Body Mass Index in Young Romanians Aged 18-24 Years. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 117 (2014) 622–626. Disponible en https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042814018023
Muestra: Young people presented at the admission examination to National University of Physical Education and Sport from Bucharest
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 193
Edad: 18-24
Año de medición: 2010
Año de nacimiento: 1986-1992
Nota: Compara con un estudio similar de 1998 (nacidos 1974-1980) que da 179/167 (n=247).

RS-SERBIA (181)

[GLOBAL]. 180.6/167.7

[RS1]. 182.0/166.8
Popović, S. et al. (2013). Body height and its estimation utilizing arm span Measurements in Serbian adults. Int. J. Morphol., 31(1): 271-279. Disponible en https://scielo.conicyt.cl/pdf/ijmorphol/v31n1/art43.pdf
Muestra: Students from the University of Novi Sad.
Criterios de exclusión: It is also important to emphasize that the authors could not accept students with physical deformities that could affect body height or arm span, and without informed consent were excluded from the study. The exclusion criterion was also being non-Serbian.
Tamaño de la muestra: 318 men and 76 women
Edad: The average age of the male subject was 20.13±1.47 years old (range 18-30 yrs), while the average age of the female subject was 19.59±1.46 years old (range 18-26 yrs).
Año de medición: 2012 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 1992 (?)

[RS2]. 180.9/167.3
Grozdanov, J. (2011)
Muestra:
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 1187/X
Edad: 20-29
Año de medición: 2006
Año de nacimiento: 1977-1986
Nota: Los datos proceden de una comunicación personal citada en [EURO] y en [ME3]

[RS3]. 181.2/166.7
Ivanović, I. (2016)
Muestra:
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra:
Edad: 20-25
Año de medición: 2013
Año de nacimiento: 1988-1993
Nota: Los datos proceden de una comunicación personal citada en [HR2]

RU-RUSIA (177.5)

[GLOBAL]. 176.5/165.3

[TÜBINGEN]. 177.0

[RU1]. 177.4/164.6
Brainerd, E. (2006). Reassessing the Standard of Living in the Soviet Union: An Analysis Using Archival and Anthropometric Data. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan. Disponible en https://web.williams.edu/Economics/brainerd/papers/ussr_july08.pdf
Muestra: RLMS (Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey), independent random samples of the Russian population.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 8,368 observations for Russian men, 9,215 observations for Russian women (total 1937-1982)
Edad:
Año de medición:
Año de nacimiento: 1982 (estimación lowess altura por año de nacimiento)
Nota: Medias estimadas a partir de la gráfica usando software de edición de imágenes.

[RU2]. 177.3
Burns, J. et al. (2017). Peripubertal blood lead levels and growth among Russian boys. Environ Int. 2017 September ; 106: 53–59. Disponible en https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5561550/
Muestra: The Russian Children’s Study is a prospective cohort of 499 boys residing in Chapaevsk, Russia, enrolled in 2003–2005 at ages 8–9 years (Hauser et al. 2005) and followed annually through 2012–2015 to age 18 years.
Criterios de exclusión: For this analysis, 10 boys in the original cohort were excluded due to chronic illnesses that could affect growth and/or pubertal development. Of the remaining 489 subjects, 481 (98%) with baseline BLL measurements were included for this analysis.
Tamaño de la muestra: 305 (seguidos hasta los 18 años)
Edad: 18. Dice By age 18 years, 79% had achieved near adult height.
Año de medición: 2012-2015
Año de nacimiento: 1994-1997

[RU3]. X/164.4
Mironov, B. (2007). Birth weight and physical stature in St. Petersburg: Living standards of women in Russia, 1980–2005. Economics and Human Biology 5 (2007) 123–143. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2007.01.002
Muestra: We analyze data on the height and weight of mothers and newborn babies between 1980 and 2005 in St. Petersburg, Russia. we have data on the physical stature and weight of 15,819 mothers born between 1929 and 1989. The data consists of information on women whose delivery lasted a normal length of time and culminated in the birth of a singleton baby. The information originates mainly from birth records and from archived annual accounts of maternity wards of hospitals.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 15819
Edad: De media 20
Año de medición: 1980-2005 (toda la muestra)
Año de nacimiento: 1981-1985
Nota: 1966-70 (164, n=2250), 1971-1975 (164.5, n=1902), 1976-1980 (164.1, n=850), 1981-1985 (164.4, n=62). No queda claro si las alturas son medidas o declaradas.

SE-SUECIA (181)

[GLOBAL]. 179.7/165.7

[TÜBINGEN]. 180.4

[SE1]. 180.4/167.0
Werner, B. et al. (2006). Growth from birth to age 19 for children in Sweden born in 1981: descriptive values. Acta Paediatrica 95(5): 600–13. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2006.tb02290.x
Muestra: The target population comprises all individuals born in 1981 who were living in Sweden as of 31 December 1989, and the study population is a sample consisting of all individuals born on the 15th of any month in that year (n=3158), approximately 1/30 of the 1981 birth cohort. For the individuals surveyed, the age interval examined was determined to be from birth to age 19.0 y: for the birth-6-y-old range we collected data from childhood health care records, and for the 7-19-y-old range from school health records. También usan datos de la mili para los varones de 18-19.
Criterios de exclusión: individuals born outside Sweden, suffering from chronic disease causing major growth impairment, or with birthweight <2500 g
Tamaño de la muestra: 3107, de 19 años hay datos de 525/483
Edad: Tablas hasta 19
Año de medición: 1981-2000
Año de nacimiento: 1981
Nota: Sin exclusiones sale 179.9/166.5

[SE2]. 181.4/167.9
Sjöberg, A., et al. (2012). Body size and lifestyle in an urban population entering adulthood: the ‘Grow up Gothenburg’ study. Acta Paediatr. 101, 964–972. Disponible en https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224947047_Body_size_and_lifestyle_in_an_urban_population_entering_adulthood_The_%27Grow_up_Gothenburg%27_Study.
Muestra: This study was performed during the academic year 2008 ⁄ 2009 with data collection in the high schools in Gothenburg, Sweden, and the adjacent suburban municipalities, an area with a total of 670 000 inhabitants. A total of 9537 students in the final grade of high school 2008 ⁄ 2009 in Gothenburg and surrounding suburban municipalities were eligible for this study.
Criterios de exclusión: Los datos mostrados son de “Nordic” (at least one parent born in Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Iceland or Norway). “All” son 180.8/167.4 y “non-Nordic” 177.7/164.2.
Tamaño de la muestra: A total of 5399 students (2641 girls, 2758 boys) also attended in anthropometric measurements. To improve homogeneity, students born 1986–1988 were excluded in the current analysis, leaving a total sample of 5314 students with anthropometric measurements (2600 girls, 2714 boys).
Edad: 18-19
Año de medición: 2008-2009
Año de nacimiento: 1989-1991. Of the total of 5779 participating students, 3.7% were born in 1991, 84.8% were born in 1990, 9.9% in 1989 and 1.6% in 1986–1988.

[SE3]. 179.8/166.8
Werner, B. et al. (2006). Data on height and weight from school health records as a national public health surveillance tool: The case of Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 2006; 34: 406–413. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/10.1080/14034940500415045
Muestra: We chose to study a national random sample of records from all children born on the 15th of any month in 1973 and living in Sweden on 31 December 1989. Data were collected from school health records.
Criterios de exclusión: Children who were born abroad and/or who suffered from a severe chronic disease
Tamaño de la muestra: 1459/756 (18 años)
Edad: 18 (17.51-18.50)
Año de medición: 1991
Año de nacimiento: 1973
Nota: Sin exclusiones da 179.5/166.3. Compara con las medias de los reclutas, que son 179.4 a los 18 años (n=37098) y 180.1 a los 19 años (n=9521). También dice que la media del estudio a los 19 años es 180.9 (n=333).

[SE4]. 180.4/167.6
Albertsson-Wikland, K. et al. (2002). Swedish population-based longitudinal reference values from birth to 18 years of age for height, weight and head circumference. Acta Paediatr 2002; 91: 739–54. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2002.tb03322.x
Muestra: The data came from a large longitudinal growth study on 3650 full-term healthy Swedish children who were born between 1973 and 1975. All of these 1801 girls and 1849 boys had longitudinal data for height and weight from birth to final height. The 5111 pupils in the final grade of school in 1992 in Göteborg were selected for this study.
Criterios de exclusión: The group included only healthy children for whom there was information on gestational age and size at birth and who were born at full term (37–43 wk); 529 children (11.8%, 253M, 276F) were excluded owing to lack of birth data, half of whom were not born in Sweden, 160 owing to prematurity or postmaturity and 141 owing to chronic disease or medical treatment (some children had several reasons for exclusion).
Tamaño de la muestra: Total y 18 años 1849/1801
Edad: 18 (se incluyen aquellos que no habían alcanzado su altura adulta a los 18 y fueron vueltos a medir hasta que la alcanzaran)
Año de medición: 1992
Año de nacimiento: 1973-1975

[SE5]. 180.2
Werner, B. (2007). Growth in Sweden. Surveillance of growth patterns and epidemiological monitoring of secular changes in height and weight among children and adolescents. Karolinska Institutet. Disponible en http://www.elevhalsan.se/cldocpart/211.pdf
Muestra: Mili
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra:
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2004
Año de nacimiento: 1986
Nota: Puede verse la evolución desde 1841

[SE6]. 181.4/166.0
Lindgren, G. et al. (1995). Swedish population reference standards for height, weight and body mass index attained at 6 to 16 years (girls) or 19 years (boys). Acta Paediatr 1995; 84: 1019-28. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13819.x
Muestra: The standards were based on data from two independent growth studies of samples of Swedish children; one born in 1955 and the other in 1967. The first sample consisted of 740 Swedish urban schoolchildren (380 M, and 360 F) born in 1955 and followed longitudinally from 9 to 16 years (girls) and from 9 to 18-19 years (boys). These children were the singleton controls for a twin study, each being the classmate with the nearest birth date to a pair of twins. The twin sample comprised all twins born in urban areas of Sweden in 1955. Our subjects were thus selected from within 40 different areas all over the country. The second sample, also nationwide, consisted of 2907 Swedish schoolchildren (1517 M, and 1390 F) born in 1967. Data were collected from school health records selected from 29 municipalities (about 10% of all municipalities) all over Sweden, representing a “mini-Sweden”. Within each municipality a random selection of school classes was made, proportionate to the number of children in the municipality. The measurements of all children within these classes were collected.
Criterios de exclusión: Children with overt growth disorders
Tamaño de la muestra: 1889 boys and 1744 girls
Edad: 19/16
Año de medición:
Año de nacimiento: There were no consistent differences between the heights of the two samples, but the earlier sample averaged 3% lower in weight for both girls and boys, with no apparent age trend. All weights from this 1955-born sample were increased by 3% in the subsequent calculations. Thus the standards presented here represent Swedish children born in 1967.

SI-ESLOVENIA (180)

[GLOBAL]. 179.8/166.1

[SI1]. 180.3/167.4
Starc, G. et al. (2011). Is there a rationale for establishing Slovenian body mass index references of school-aged children and adolescents? Anthropological Notebooks 17(3): 89–100. Disponible en http://www.drustvo-antropologov.si/AN/PDF/2011_3/Anthropological_Notebooks_XVII_3_Starc.pdf
Muestra: Unpublished data from 2011 Sports Educational Chart database, with up-to-date data on weight and height of almost entire school-going population.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra:
Edad: 19
Año de medición: 2011
Año de nacimiento: 1992

[SI2]. 179.8/166.5
Starc, G. (2013)
Muestra:
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 7033/X
Edad: 18-21
Año de medición: 2012
Año de nacimiento: 1991-1994
Nota: Los datos proceden de una comunicación personal citada en [EURO] y en [HR2].

SK-ESLOVAQUIA (179.5)

[GLOBAL]. 179.5/167.5

[SK1]. 179.3/165.4
Regecová, V. et al. (2018). Comparison of Slovak reference values for anthropometric parameters in children and adolescents with international growth standards: implications for the assessment of overweight and obesity. Croat Med J. 2018;59:313-26. Disponible en https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6330770/
Muestra: The survey was conducted in elementary and secondary schools in the entire territory of Slovakia. This ensured a balanced sampling proportional to the population density in both rural and urban parts of Slovakia. Proportionate stratified random sampling according to the number of children and adolescents (separately boys and girls) in the respective age groups was performed by Regional Public Health Authorities.
Criterios de exclusión: The exclusion criteria were those defined by WHO and included diseases affecting growth (hormonal, metabolic, and genetic) and birth weight <1500 g.
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 9065/9031, 18 años 824/824
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2011
Año de nacimiento: 1993

[SK2]. 179.4/165.6
Ševčíková, Ľ. et al. (2004). Rast a vývojové trendy slovenských detí a mládeže za posledných 10 rokov. Životné podmienky a zdravie. Disponible en https://web.archive.org/web/20110723131234/https://www.fmed.uniba.sk/fileadmin/user_upload/editors/ustavy/hygiena/ZPaZ2004.pdf
Muestra: “representative samples of both boys and girls across all age groups” según [SK3]. Garantom prieskumu a štatistické ho spracovania bol Štátny  fakultný zdravotný ústav SR. Vlastné  merania súboru vykonali v septembri - októbri 2001 u 0 - 6 ročných detí vybraní pediatri  v  detských  ambulanciách  a  novorodeneckých  oddeleniach,  u  7  -  18  ročných  detí  a mládeže pracovníci odboru HDM Š ZÚ . Na celom území SR sa použila jednotná metodika ako v r.19916).
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: De 18 años 894/882
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2001
Año de nacimiento: 1983

[SK3]. 177.6/165.3
Zvornar, M. et al. (2015). Overweight and Obesity in Slovak High School Students. ICPESK 2015: 5th International Congress of Physical Education, Sports and Kinetotherapy. Disponible en https://www.futureacademy.org.uk/files/images/upload/ICPESK%202015%202_425.pdf
Muestra: A non-randomized cross-sectional study was used to determine incidence of obesity in adolescents living in the region of Prešov. Research sample consisted of 1,015 participants (550 girls; 465 boys) aged between 15 and 18 years.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 134/169 (18 años)
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2013
Año de nacimiento: 1995

[SK4]. 178.7
Smerecká, V. et al. (2015). Somatic profile of male adolescents in the Presov Region. Scientific Review of Physical Culture, volume 5, issue 4. Disponible en https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291971739_SOMATIC_PROFILE_OF_MALE_ADOLESCENTS_IN_THE_PRESOV_REGION
Muestra: A non-randomized cross-section study in highschool students from Eastern Slovak region was used. A research simple consisted of 434 male adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 99 de 18 años
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2015 (?)
Año de nacimiento: 1997 (?)

TR-TURQUÍA (175)

[GLOBAL]. 174.2/160.5

[TR1]. 173.8/162.6
Işeri, A. et al. (2009). Estimated anthropometric measurements of Turkish adults and effects of age and geographical regions. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 39(5): 860–5. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2009.02.007
Muestra: Individuals were selected from households of primary school children. A random cluster sampling frame was applied to select the study subjects. In every school that was associated with the study, three classes were selected randomly.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 2263/1942; de 20-24 568 entre hombres y mujeres.
Edad: 20-24
Año de medición: 2007
Año de nacimiento: 1983-1987
Nota: Las cifras se han estimado a partir de gráficas con software de edición de imágenes.

[TR2]. 176.0/163.1
Neyzi, O. et al. (2006). Growth references for Turkish children aged 6 to 18 years. Acta Pædiatrica, 2006; 95: 1635-1641. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1080/08035250600652013
Muestra: The sample consisted of 1100 boys and 1020 girls between 6 and 18 y of age attending primary and secondary schools located in six different districts of Istanbul city. All six schools were located in relatively well-off districts. Using school files, all children in one class at a time, whose birthdays were +-3 mo from the prospective date of examination were selected as subjects to be measured at the next visit.
Criterios de exclusión: Chronic or debilitating disease, assessed by history and a brief physical examination, was a reason for exclusion
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 6007/5657 mediciones; de 18 años 42/35
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 1989-2002
Año de nacimiento: 1971-1984
Año de nacimiento: 1987 y 1991

[TR3]. 176.1/162.0
Özer, B. K. (2008). Secular trend in body height and weight of Turkish adults. Anthropological Science. 116 (3): 191–199. Disponible en https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ase/116/3/116_061213/_pdf/-char/en
Muestra: To determine the contemporary anthropometric measurements, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in Ankara, Turkey. The subjects of the contemporary data set are 1215 healthy adults (703 males and 512 females) aged between 18 and 59 years.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: De 18-29 390/163
Edad: 18-29
Año de medición: 2004-2006
Año de nacimiento: 1975-1988

[TR4]. 175.4/160.3
Özer, B. K. (2007). Growth reference centiles and secular changes in Turkish children and adolescents. Economics and Human Biology, 5: 280–301. Disponible en https://www.academia.edu/1482608/Growth_reference_centiles_and_secular_changes_in_Turkish_children_and_adolescents
Muestra: Data were collected from primary school and high school children living in Ankara, the capital of Turkey. Data was collected from schools belonging to different social strata; from private schools, from central public schools and from suburban public schools. All subjects were randomly selected.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 709 boys and 718 girls, de 17 años 47/43
Edad: 17 (17.00-17.99)
Año de medición: 2005
Año de nacimiento: 1988

[TR5]. 174.6/159.9
Mazicioglu, M. M. et al. (2009). Age references for the arm span and stature of Turkish children and adolescents. Ann Hum Biol, 2009; 36(3): 308-19. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/10.1080/03014460902740954
Muestra: The study sample was chosen from the province of Kayseri in Turkey, with a population of 1 million. Children and adolescents were selected according to their socio-economic levels in the Turkish population, and proportional numbers of children from each socio-economic level were included. Forty-seven of the 699 schools in Kayseri (23 primary schools, 24 high schools) were selected at random.
Criterios de exclusión: Growth disorders or the use of any kind of medication interfering with growth and development were treated as exclusion criteria.
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 2621/2737, de 17 años 162/151
Edad: 17 (17.00-17.99 creo)
Año de medición: 2008 (?)
Año de nacimiento: 1991 (?)

[TR6]. 175.3/160.6
Zararsız, G. et al. (2017). Comparison of Updated Weight and Height Percentiles with Previous References in 6-17-Year-Old Children in Kayseri, Turkey. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2017; 9(1): 39-47. Disponible en https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5363163/
Muestra: Data used in this study were obtained from the DAMTCA II, a cross-sectional study performed for children aged between 6 and 17 years. This study was conducted in Kayseri. Multi-stage probability sampling was applied as the sampling method. Of the 708 schools in Kayseri, 17 (primary and secondary schools) were selected to randomly recruit children and adolescents aged between 6 and 17 years.
Criterios de exclusión: Children with any disorder affecting growth such as a known systemic or local disorder, metabolic, gastrointestinal or neurological condition, and using of any kind of medication were excluded.
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 1926/2395, de 17 años 84/133
Edad: 17 (17.00-17.99)
Año de medición: 2007-2008
Año de nacimiento: 1990-1991
Nota: Las curvas GAMLSS dan 175.0/160.7 a los 17 años. Las de [TR7] dan 174.2/160.1 a esa misma edad.

[TR7]. 174.9/160.6
Hatipoğlu, N. et al. (2009). The Weight and Height Percentiles in 6-18 Year Old Children in Kayseri and Comparison with Istanbul Data. J Clin Res Ped Endo 2009; 1(3): 129–135. Disponible en https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3005649/
Muestra: The data for this present analysis were obtained from the study entitled “Determination of Anthropometric Measurements of Turkish Children an Adolescents (DAMTCA)”. This study used a stratified multistage probability sampling designed for school children. Firstly, the schools were selected randomly by a stratified sampling method according to socio-economic levels from among state and private schools, which represent the city centre and rural districts. Thus, sampling was carried out from every área and included cases from all socio-economic levels. Secondly, random sampling of children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years was done from schools enrollment.
Criterios de exclusión: The excluding criteria from study were defined as the presence of any disorder affecting growth such as a metabolic, neurological or gastrointestinal condition, and use of any kind of medication.
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 2785/2942
Edad: 18 (curvas LMS)
Año de medición: 2006
Año de nacimiento: 1988

UA-UCRANIA (178.5)

[GLOBAL]. 178.5/166.3

[UA1]. 178.4/164.2
Nyankovskyy, S. et al. (2018). First Ukrainian Growth References for Height, Weight, and Body Mass Index for Children and Adolescents Aged 7 to 18 Years. BioMed Research International, Volume 2018, Article ID 9203039. Disponible en https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328883627_First_Ukrainian_Growth_References_for_Height_Weight_and_Body_Mass_Index_for_Children_and_Adolescents_Aged_7_to_18_Years
Muestra: The study was conducted in randomly selected primary, secondary, and high schools in Ukraine. A multistage random cluster sampling method was used to select the participants aged 7–18 years. In the studied population, 46.1% came from rural areas.
Criterios de exclusión: Out of 15,456 students whose parents gave approval for examination, 1,744 students were excluded from the study for the following reasons: a functional state that did not allow for self-maintenance of a standing position (n=38), chronic disease or medication affecting growth/weight (e.g., asthma, congenital heart disease, diabetes, renal disease, epilepsy, and cerebral palsy) (n=64), age less than 7 years or greater than 18 years (n=125), a lack of desire to participate in the study or a strong pretest anxiety (n=52), and absence from school on assessment days (n=1,465).
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 6582/7130.
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 2018 (?)
Año de nacimiento: 2000 (?)

[UA2]. 175.9
Platonova (2011)
Muestra:
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 208
Edad: 17
Año de medición: 2009
Año de nacimiento: 1992
Nota: Los datos proceden de [EURO]. [UA1] da 176.8 a los 17 años.

UK-REINO UNIDO (178)

[GLOBAL]. 177.5/164.4

[TÜBINGEN]. 176.8

[UK1]. 177.6/163.6
NHS (2016). Health Survey for England, 2016. Disponible en https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/health-survey-for-england/health-survey-for-england-2016
Fichero Health Survey for England, 2016: Adult overweight and obesity – tables
Muestra: The survey samples cover the population living in private households in England.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 4565/6373
Edad: 25-34
Año de medición: 2007-2016
Año de nacimiento: 1973-1991
Nota: Los datos indicados corresponden a las medias (sin ponderar) de los últimos diez años (2007-2016). Para el grupo de 16-24 años de edad (n. 1983-2000) resulta 177.4/163.7 (n=3444/4210).

[UK2]. 177.8/164.0
Scottish Government (2018). The Scottish Health Survey 2017, Introduction. Disponible en https://www.gov.scot/publications/scottish-health-survey-2017-volume-1-main-report/pages/3/
Tablas suplementarias de BMI u Obesity disponibles, por ejemplo para 2017, en https://www2.gov.scot/Topics/Statistics/Browse/Health/scottish-health-survey/Publications/Supplementary2017
Muestra: The Scottish Health Survey is designed to yield a representative sample of the general population living in private households in Scotland every year. A random sample of addresses is selected from the Postcode Address File (PAF), using a multi-stage stratified design.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 1089/1452
Edad: 25-34
Año de medición: 2013-2017
Año de nacimiento: 1979-1992
Nota: Los datos indicados corresponden a la fusión de los datos de las cinco últimas ediciones disponibles del estudio. Las medias son ponderadas. Para el grupo de 16-24 años de edad (n. 1989-2001) resulta 177.5/164.1 (n=796/892).

[UK3]. 177.6/163.5
Public Health Information & Research Branch, Information Analysis Directorate (2018). Health Survey (NI): Technical report 2017/18. Disponible en https://www.health-ni.gov.uk/sites/default/files/publications/health/hsni-technical-report_0.pdf
Deirdre Corrigan (comunicación personal)
Muestra: The sample for the survey consisted of a systematic random sample of addresses from the Pointer database of private addresses. At each household, everyone aged 16 or over was selected to participate in the survey.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 10424/13383 (total de los siete grupos de edad)
Edad: 25-34
Año de medición: 2010-2018
Año de nacimiento: 1976-1993
Nota: Los datos indicados corresponden a las medias (sin ponderar) de los últimos ocho años (de 2010-2011 a 2017-2018). Para el grupo de 16-24 años de edad (n. 1986-2002) resulta 177.5/163.5.

[UK4]. 177.0/163.5
Freeman, J. V. et al. (1995). Cross sectional stature and weight reference curves for the UK, 1990. Arch Dis Child 1995; 73:17-24. Disponible en https://adc.bmj.com/content/archdischild/73/1/17.full.pdf
Gráficas disponibles en https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/resources/uk-who-growth-charts-2-18-years
Muestra: After a review of existing datasets the data for the construction of the reference curves were taken from seven sources: the Human Measurements Anthropometry and Growth (HUMAG) Research Group's children's growth studies and adult body dimensions studies, the Tayside Growth Study, the National Study of Health and Growth (NSHG), the Department of Health survey of the statures and weights of British adults, the Cambridge Infant Growth Study and the Whittington birth data study. The great majority of the data are nationally representative.
Criterios de exclusión: Non-white children
Tamaño de la muestra: Total 25 000, de 18-19 419/272
Edad: 18
Año de medición: 1978-1990
Año de nacimiento: 1960-1972
Nota: Cifras estimadas a partir de las gráficas citadas. El estudio original menciona 176.4/163.6 como percentil 50 a los 18 años.

[UK5]. 178/164
Gallagher, A. M. et al. (2002). A longitudinal study through adolescence to adulthood: the Young Hearts Project, Northern Ireland. Public Health (2002) 116, 332–340. Disponible en https://sci-hub.tw/https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ph.1900871
Muestra: In 1989-1990 a 2% representative sample of school children aged 12 y and 15 y (n=1015) were sampled (YH1). The original 12-y-old population was followed up in 1992-1993 (YH2). Between October 1997 and October 1999 all original YH participants were invited to participate in the third screening phase (YH3). A total of 489 participants aged between 20 and 25 y participated, representing a response rate of 48.2% (49.9% males, 46.5% females) of the original YH1 population.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 251/238
Edad: 20-25 (media 22.4/22.8 )
Año de medición: 1997-1999
Año de nacimiento: 1972-1979

US-ESTADOS UNIDOS (178)

[GLOBAL]. 177.1/163.5

[US1]. 176.4/162.9
Fryar, C.D. et al. (2016). Anthropometric Reference Data for Children and Adults: United States, 2011–2014. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 3(39). Disponible en https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_03/sr03_039.pdf
Muestra: NHANES 2011–2014. Each of the continuous NHANES annual samples is nationally representative.
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 937/928 de 20-29
Edad: 20-29
Año de medición: 2011-2014
Año de nacimiento: 1982-1994
Nota: Los datos se refieren a la media global incluidos todos los orígenes étnicos. A continuación el desglose racial referido al grupo de 20-39 años (n. 1972-1994). En mujeres, global 163.2 (n=1885), blancas 165.0 (n=689), negras 163.6, asiáticas 158.4, hispanas 158.9. En hombres, global 176.5 (n=1851), blancos 178.2 (n=715), negros 177.4, asiáticos 172.3, hispanos 172.4. Las medias de los niños y adolescentes de 19 años (n. 1992-1995) son 176.3 (n=144) y 163.0 (n=152).

[US2]. 177.8/164.6
Quick, V. et al. (2015). Concordance of self-report and measured height and weight of college students. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2015 ; 47(1): 94–98. Disponible en https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4274244/
Muestra: Participants aged 18 to 24 years enrolled at eight universities were recruited to participate in the Project WebHealth behavioral intervention. Tanto en mujeres como en hombres un 76 % son blancos y un 10 % negros.
Criterios de exclusión: Eligibility criteria included having a BMI >. 18.5 kg/m2, not being pregnant or lactating, and not majoring in nutrition or exercise science.
Tamaño de la muestra: 634/1052
Edad: 18-24 (media 19.1±1.1)
Año de medición: 2014 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 1995 (?)

[US3]. 180/166
Davidson, R. T. et al. (2007). Regional body composition in college-aged Caucasians from anthropometric measures. Nutrition & Metabolism 2007, 4:29. Disponible en https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1216&context=facpub
Muestra: Predominantly Caucasian college aged volunteers. These subjects volunteered from Brigham Young University where they were recruited mostly from a beginning nutrition class and posted fliers
Criterios de exclusión:
Tamaño de la muestra: 32/67
Edad: De media 24.3/23.0
Año de medición: 2007 (?)
Año de nacimiento: De media 1983-1984 (?)

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